Tous

Tous (طوس) was the direct successor to Jame'eh, relaunched by Mashallah Shamsolvaezin and Hamid Reza Jalalipour with the same staff under a new masthead and dormant license. Tous was also closed within months, and Shamsolvaezin immediately relaunched as Neshat. The pattern — acquire a dormant license and restart with the same team — became the defining structural feature of Khatami-era reformist journalism.